Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks

• Suyi Liu,
• Yasuo Norikane and
• Yoshihiro Kikkawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 872–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.72

• [72], (“Alkyl chain length effects on double-deck assembly at a liquid/solid interface” by Y. Fang et al., Nanoscale, Vol. 10, Issue 31, © 2018); permission conveyed through Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. (a–c) Representative STM images of physisorbed

• anthraquinone derivatives at the liquid/solid interface” by Y. Hu et al., RSC Advances, Vol. 5, Issue 113, © 2015); permission conveyed through Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. (a–f) STM images of the physisorbed monolayers at the HOPG/1-phenyloctane interface. The

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth,
• Lukas Schreiber and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

• formation of biofilms [25][26]. A measure of the degree of wetting is the contact angle θ (CA). It describes the angle between the liquid–vapor interface and the liquid–solid interface. According to the CA, surfaces can be classified as superhydrophilic (0° < θ < 10°), hydrophilic (10° ≤ θ < 90

A review on slip boundary conditions at the nanoscale: recent development and applications

• Ruifei Wang,
• Jin Chai,
• Bobo Luo,
• Xiong Liu,
• Jianting Zhang,
• Min Wu,
• Mingdan Wei and
• Zhuanyue Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1237–1251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.91

• liquid–liquid or liquid–gas interface rather than at the liquid–solid interface, as shown in Figure 1c. It should be noted that the value of the apparent slip length can be positive or negative. For a negative apparent slip length, or negative slip length for short, the no-slip boundary condition holds

• by the Cassie state, where the liquid only wets the top surfaces of the roughness with the gas pockets maintained in between the surface structures, as shown in Figure 9. It is assumed that the no-slip boundary condition is still valid at the liquid–solid interface, while at the flat liquid–gas

Self-assembly and wetting properties of gold nanorod–CTAB molecules on HOPG

• Imtiaz Ahmad,
• Floor Derkink,
• Tim Boulogne,
• Pantelis Bampoulis,
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet,
• Hidayat Ullah Khan,
• Rahim Jan and
• E. Stefan Kooij

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 696–705, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.69

• , the process of self-assembly at the liquid–solid interface has proved to be an attractive self-assembly route [4][8][9]. The self-assembled structures can play an important role in magnetic [10][11][12][13], electronic [14][15][16], photovoltaic [17][18][19], biomedical [20][21][22], sensing [23][24

Ester formation at the liquid–solid interface

• Nguyen T. N. Ha,
• Thiruvancheril G. Gopakumar,
• Nguyen D. C. Yen,
• Carola Mende,
• Lars Smykalla,
• Maik Schlesinger,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Heinrich Lang,
• Michael Mehring and
• Michael Hietschold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2139–2150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.213

• /bjnano.8.213 Abstract A chemical reaction (esterification) within a molecular monolayer at the liquid–solid interface without any catalyst was studied using ambient scanning tunneling microscopy. The monolayer consisted of a regular array of two species, an organic acid (trimesic acid) and an alcohol

• (which can be controlled by the concentration of the trimesic acid within the alcoholic solution via sonication or extended stirring) or by reaching a threshold with regards to the deposition temperature. Evidence that esterification takes place directly at the liquid–solid interface was strongly

• needed for the hydrolysis. The temperature influence on a chemical reaction at the liquid–solid interface by STM is also reported by Hipps et al., that is, the formation of an ester promoted by high temperatures [39]. There remain three possible hypotheses concerning the origin of the ester or the

Non-intuitive clustering of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone on Au(111)

• Ryan D. Brown,
• Rebecca C. Quardokus,
• Natalie A. Wasio,
• Jacob P. Petersen,
• Angela M. Silski,
• Steven A. Corcelli and
• S. Alex Kandel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1801–1807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.181

• interfaces [22] and its assembly behavior at the liquid–solid interface on graphite [23] but not as extensively on metal surfaces. Scanning tunneling microscopy is well suited for interrogating large supramolecular structures, as well as determining the structure and orientation of individual molecules at a

Nanostructured surfaces by supramolecular self-assembly of linear oligosilsesquioxanes with biocompatible side groups

• Maria Nowacka,
• Anna Kowalewska and
• Tomasz Makowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2377–2387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.244

• LPSQ-COOH/X allow for a very efficient polymer anchoring on the surface due to both multipoint ionic substrate–adsorbate interactions and adsorbate–adsorbate hydrogen bonding [37]. The formation of ordered SAMs and PSAMs at the liquid–solid interface can occur only if it is energetically allowed by

A versatile strategy towards non-covalent functionalization of graphene by surface-confined supramolecular self-assembly of Janus tectons

• Ping Du,
• David Bléger,
• Fabrice Charra,
• Vincent Bouchiat,
• David Kreher,
• Fabrice Mathevet and
• André-Jean Attias

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 632–639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.64

• tecton; liquid–solid interface; scanning tunnelling microscopy; supramolecular self-assembly; Review Introduction Graphene is of significant interest for next generation electronics [1] particularly due to its electronic properties [2][3]. Thus, many research programs have been focused on the

• other weak interactions on graphene [20], where most of these works were performed by evaporating small molecules onto graphene under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions. In this context, we recently developed a successful new strategy taking place at the liquid–solid interface at room temperature (RT

• -assembled on HOPG (Figure 2). The surface-confined molecular self-assemblies were characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at the liquid–solid interface. As expected, they form non-covalent, surface self-assembled dimers, supramolecular linear polymers, and 2D networks. The versatility of the

Properties of plasmonic arrays produced by pulsed-laser nanostructuring of thin Au films

• Katarzyna Grochowska,
• Katarzyna Siuzdak,
• Peter A. Atanasov,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Anna Dikovska,
• Nikolay N. Nedyalkov and
• Gerard Śliwiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2102–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.219

• research and in the fields of medicine, metrology and optoelectronic devices. Among studies on short-pulse laser interactions with materials, the topic of nanostructuring by photothermally induced instabilities at the liquid–solid interface due to fast heating and solidifying of thin metal films evoked

Real-time monitoring of calcium carbonate and cationic peptide deposition on carboxylate-SAM using a microfluidic SAW biosensor

• Anna Pohl and
• Ingrid M. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1823–1835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.193

• aim of this study was to evaluate the competitive non-covalent interactions of peptides and buffer substances at the liquid–solid interface. For standardization, commercially available COO-SAMs were used to mimic negatively charged surfaces, which similarly occur in natural biomineralization processes

Influence of the solvent on the stability of bis(terpyridine) structures on graphite

• Daniela Künzel and
• Axel Groß

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 269–277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.29

• 3,3′-BTP surface structures that have been observed at the liquid/solid interface. Plot of the free adsorption enthalpy of different 3,3′-BTP phases against the chemical potential obtained with fully solvated surface structures by using the Compass force field. Solvation (Esolv) and adsorption (Eads

• ) energies of 3,3′-BTP in eV calculated using different force fields. Compass adsorption energy of 3,3′-BTP per molecule in different surface structures in electronvolts (eV) at the gas/solid interface and free enthalpy of adsorption at the liquid/solid interface at 298 K. Acknowledgements Useful

Dimer/tetramer motifs determine amphiphilic hydrazine fibril structures on graphite

• Loji K. Thomas,
• Nadine Diek,
• Uwe Beginn and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 658–666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.75

• dilute solution of 2CHd-10 (≈0.24 wt %) dissolved in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (C6H3Cl3) was deposited on HOPG and the liquid/solid interface searched for the thinnest fibrils by STM. The use of dilute solutions for STM studies is prompted by the requisite of locating isolated elementary strands on the

• aided by van der Waals interactions between alkyl chains. The elementary fibrils of amphiphilic hydrazine derivatives observed at the liquid/solid interface show a distinctly different internal structure than the “disc-stacking” arrangement observed in the bulk. The molecular geometry is decisive in

• tetramers interweaved to form tubes with a fixed diameter. It follows that the large-scale morphologies at the liquid/solid interface are determined at the molecular/precursor level. Despite the compounds being specially designed as symmetric and asymmetric molecules, no inference is immediately discernible

Self-assembly at solid surfaces

• Sidney R. Cohen and
• Jacob Sagiv

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 824–825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.91

• amphiphilic monolayers on solid surfaces by adsorption from organic solutions at the liquid–solid interface was first reported in the seminal work of W. A. Zisman and co-workers in the mid-20th century [1]. In that work, attention was focused on the remarkable wetting properties of such monolayers, which were

STM study on the self-assembly of oligothiophene-based organic semiconductors

• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Marta Urdanpilleta,
• Erwaa El-Hosseiny,
• Berndt Koslowski,
• Paul Ziemann and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 802–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.88

• using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at the liquid–solid interface under ambient conditions. The characteristics of the 2-D crystals formed on the (0001) plane of highly ordered pyrolitic graphite (HOPG) strongly depend on the length of the π-conjugated oligomer backbone, on the functional groups

• , we report the investigation of the self-assembly properties of a series of carbonic acid functionalized regioregular (head-to-tail-coupled) oligo(3-hexylthiophenes) on HOPG at the liquid–solid interface as examined by STM at room temperature. The ambient and environmental conditions employed in this

• degree of crystallinity, the monolayer reveals a few defects (Figure 3, left), which are noticeable as faint depressions, probably related to molecules adsorbed at unstable sites. Adsorption and desorption processes equilibrating at the liquid–solid interface induce, in turn after 10–20 minutes, a self

STM visualisation of counterions and the effect of charges on self-assembled monolayers of macrocycles

• Tibor Kudernac,
• Natalia Shabelina,
• Wael Mamdouh,
• Sigurd Höger and
• Steven De Feyter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 674–680, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.72

• localisation of counterions within self-assembled monolayers can be achieved with scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). The presence of charges on the studied shape-persistent macrocycles is shown to have a profound effect on the self-assembly process at the liquid–solid interface. Furthermore, preferential

• adsorption was observed for the uncharged analogue of the macrocycle on a surface. Keywords: counterions; liquid–solid interface; macrocycles; scanning tunnelling microscopy; self-assembly; Introduction Ordered monolayers formed by the self-assembly of molecular building blocks on solid surfaces have

• the structure of 2D crystals at the liquid–solid interface, but also to control properties of the physisorbed molecules and to carry specific functionalities. For example, counterions have been shown to determine the chirality of self-assembled architectures [9]. Counterions also play a decisive role

Self-organizing bioinspired oligothiophene–oligopeptide hybrids

• Alexey K. Shaytan,
• Eva-Kathrin Schillinger,
• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Sylvia Schmid,
• Pavel G. Khalatur,
• Peter Bäuerle and
• Alexei R. Khokhlov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 525–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.57

• . Symmetrically substituted didodecyl-quaterthiophene 5 was chosen as the basic building block (Scheme 1), representing a planar fully conjugated backbone with the ability to self-assemble at the liquid–solid interface into very regular lamellar structures [24]. The intermolecular forces involved are primary van